business plan Essay - 2166 Words

Wedding Consultants 1.0 Executive Summary CMG Wedding Consultants is a full service company that provides complete consulting services for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries and every other special event. Our consultants are experienced and dedicated professionals with many years of event planning experience. CMG is unique in that we give our clients our undivided attention. We listen to their needs and work with them to create the event of their dreams. Our clients wishes become our commands. So whether our client wants a Western, Tropical, Las Vegas or more traditional wedding, we can help. Our services include weddings, honeymoons, receptions, anniversary consultations, budget planning, answers to etiquette questions, as well as†¦show more content†¦By doing this, our clients can sit back and enjoy their event. The result? We create events suited to the couples unique style--a true expression of their relationship and individuality as a couple. 2.1 Company Ownership This business will start out as a simple propri etorship, owned by its founders, Carol and Michelle Gautier. As the operation grows, the owners will consider re-registering as a limited liability company or as a corporation, whichever will better suite the future business needs. 2.2 Start-up Summary The company founders, Carol and Michelle Gautier, will handle day-to-day operations of the plan and will work collaboratively to ensure that this business venture is a success. We estimate that our start-up costs will be $3,000 (including legal costs, logo design, advertising, direct mail, and related expenses). An additional $5,000 will be required in the bank account as an operating capital for the first two months of operation. The start-up costs are to be financed in equal portions by the owners personal funds (i.e., Carol and Michelle Gautier are investing $4,000 each). Start-up Requirements Start-up Expenses Legal $200 Stationery etc. $450 Brochures $450 Consultants $0 Insurance $300 Rent $0 Research and development $200 Expense d equipment $900 Other $500 Total Start-up Expense $3,000 Start-up Assets Needed Cash Requirements $5,000 Other Short-term Assets $0 Total Short-term AssetsShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Business Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesbrand-new business, expand an existing company, or get financing for a business venture, you will need to write a business plan. A business plan not only lends your business a sense of credibility, but also helps you to cover all your bases, increasing your chances of success. Although writing a business plan can be a lengthy, intimidating project, it is not necessarily difficult. Here is an overview of how to write a successful business plan. What to Include in Your Business Plan Your businessRead MoreBusiness Plan For A New Venture1355 Words   |  6 PagesA business plan can be used for beginning a new business, to create a more profitable business or for consideration of new services and ideas. A business plan is a written document that gives details on a business idea or venture and present the outlook of the business over a number of years. This plan will guide the business project management and operations, assist in vital decisions and measure performance. There are many types of business plans and not one of them is considered a universal planRead MoreEssay about Creating a Business Plan1119 Words   |  5 Pagesyou must have guidelines, so to speak, to know where you are heading in the future. That is why before you can start a business you need to draw up a detailed business plan. Business plans are considered blueprints. A business plan is what is needed to get your business off the ground and to attract potential investors. A business plan is way to show that you are in the business to make money. Introduce the company and the product/service idea for the new venture. Triple S Night Club is a new companyRead MoreBusiness Plan For An Casual Dining Mexican Restaurant1804 Words   |  8 PagesThe critical analysis essay is based on the business plan of an upcoming casual dining Mexican restaurant in an upmarket locality of Benowa Gardens, Gold Coast, Queensland. The restaurant is called Burrito Bar, which specialises in modern Mexican food along with alcoholic drinks and operates on a franchising model. The business plan was made by one Mr.Paddu for the purpose of procuring a bank loan/private funding to kick-start the project. The business plan follows the general format used in the restaurant/hospitalityRead MoreRenee Business Plan5082 Words   |  21 PagesBusiness Plan for a Startup Business The business plan consists of a narrative and several financial worksheets. The narrative template is the body of the business plan. It contains more than 150 questions divided into several sections. Work through the sections in any order that you want, except for the Executive Summary, which should be done last. Skip any questions that do not apply to your type of business. When you are finished writing your first draft, you’ll have a collection of small essaysRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1546 Words   |  7 Pagesenterprise, especially a business, usually with considerable initiative or risk†. They are usually characterized as people with greatly valued self-reliance, with high optimism and people who who strive for distinction through excellence. I am interested in starting my own basketball business and becoming an entrepreneur. In order to start a business I need a business plan. From research, I have learned that my business plan needs to have an executive summary, identification of my business, financial recordsRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business840 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Business plans are statement of a business goals, reason they are attainable and plans on meeting it’ (FoxBuisness, 2013). A business plan maps the course and gives a detail plan on how these goals are achievable. It is also important to establish a solid business plan for funding. Some small business use venture capital, bank loans, personal funds, and private investors as sources of funding. The business plan must therefore, sell investors. A well-written convincing business plan can buy investorsRead MoreBusiness Plan1439 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Plan What is Blueberry Nights? Type: bar and restaurant for young people Category: II. class Service method: plate service Menu type: A’la Carte Opening hours: Sunday to Wednesday 10:00-22:00 Thursday to Saturday 13:00-05:00 No day off Target market: students, tourists and residents Location: Budapest, Margit kà ¶rà ºt Few steps from Margaret Island Easy to reach by tram Seating capacity: 120 (80+40) 1st floor: kitchen area, 80 seated restaurant, bar, armchairsRead Morebusiness plan5494 Words   |  22 Pagesbecause we as a young generation that want to open new shop sold the â€Å"Keropok Leko†. OBJECTIVE OF THE ORGANIZATION Every business opportunity begins with the existence of various customers needs and wants for particular product or service. A need is something that is basic in life such as food, clothes and shelter. Therefore, our companies take these advantages and venture a business based on food industries. Our main activity is to manufacture keropok lekor that is made from fish paste, flour, and saltsRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1866 Words   |  8 Pages Business Plan Buiness model in theory and practice according to Wikipedia is used for a broad range of informal and forma l descriptions to represent the core aspects of a business, including the purposes of that business, its process, target customers, of ferings, strategies , infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practice, and operational processes and policies . Below, we would look at two kinds of business model (franchise and tradition al business) , their pros and cons, o r their

Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1887 Words

â€Å"Remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.† ~ Atticus Finch. Atticus, a major character in Harper Lee s classic novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† says this after giving the children rifles. Atticus indicates they can shoot at any kind of bird besides the mockingbird, because unlike other birds who will eat peoples plants and ruin their gardens, the mockingbird will just sing. The mockingbird exemplifies one who is weak, or defenseless. To kill a mockingbird is equivalent to one who takes advantage of any who are weak. â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†, written by Harper Lee, is often considered a direct influence from her own life in 1936.Published July 11th, 1960, Lee was 30 years old. She died February 19, 2016 at 89 years old. The main character is a ten year old girl named Jean Louise Finch; however, everyone calls her Scout. Her father is Atticus Finch, a defense lawyer who commonly protects black citizens rights. All throughout [the novel] she can be found with her four year older brother Jeremy Finch, nicknamed Jem. Across their street lives one Arthur Radley, at a young age he was forced into isolation by his father, and since then had never left his house, even after his fathers death he continued to hide until the point people thought of him as a ghost and was given the name Boo. The first Point the story tries to make is the need to put yourself in other peoples shoes, and how other people feel. The story starts when Jem and Scout are playing in their back yard, they hearShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said Harper Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had three siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s persecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was poverty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1695 Words   |  7 PagesIn To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee presents as a ‘tired old town’ where the inhabitants have ‘nowhere to go’ it is set in the 1930s when prejudices and racism were at a peak. Lee uses Maycomb town to highlight prejudices, racism, poverty and social inequality. In chapter 2 Lee presents the town of Maycomb to be poverty stricken, emphasised through the characterisation of Walter Cunningham. When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1876 Words   |  8 PagesThough Harper Lee only published two novels, her accomplishments are abundant. Throughout her career Lee claimed: the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, Goodreads Choice Awards Best Fiction, and Quill Award for Audio Book. Lee was also inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters. This honor society is a huge accomplishment and is considered the highest recognition for artistic talent and accomplishment in the United States. Along with these accomplishments, herRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Lee establishes the concurrence of good and evil, meaning whether people are naturally good or naturally evil. Lee uses symbolism, characterization, and plot to portray the instinctive of good and evil. To Kill a Mocking Bird, a novel by Harper Lee takes place during the 1930s in the Southern United States. The protagonist, Scout Finch,

Principles of Dimensional Modeling Free Essays

Dimensional modeling is system of a logical design used by several data warehouse designers for their commercial OLAP products. DM is considered to be the single practicable technique for databases that are intended to support end-user queries in a data warehouse. It is quite dissimilar from entity-relation modeling. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Dimensional Modeling or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though ER is very functional for the transaction capture and the data administration phases of creating a data warehouse, but it should be shunned for end-user delivery. This paper explains the dimensional modeling and how dimensional modeling technique varies/ contrasts with ER models. Dimensional Modeling technique is a preferred choice in data warehousing. Basically, it is a technique of logical design which presents the data in a standard, intuitive framework that allows for high-performance access. It is intrinsically dimensional, and it sticks on to a discipline that uses the relational model with some significant restrictions. In each DM, there is one table with a multiple key, called the fact table, and a set of smaller tables called dimension tables. Each dimension table consists of a single-part primary key that corresponds precisely to one of the components of the multipart key in the fact table. This characteristic of star-like structure is generally called a star join. Due to multipart primary key made up of two or more foreign keys in fact table, it always articulates a many-to-many relationship. The most valuable fact tables include one or more numerical measures that crop up for the permutation of keys that delineate each record. Dimension tables have explanatory textual information. Dimension attributes are used as the source of most of the interesting constraints in data warehouse queries, and they are virtually always the source of the row headers in the SQL answer set. Dimension Attributes are the various columns in a dimension table. In the Location dimension, the attributes can be Location Code, State, Country, Zip code. Normally the Dimension Attributes are used in report labels, and query constraints such as where ‘Country=US’. The dimension attributes also contain one or more hierarchical relationships. One has to decide the subjects before designing a data warehouse. In DM, a model of tables and relations is constituted with the purpose of optimizing decision support query performance in relational databases, relative to a measurement or set of measurements of the outcomes of the business process being modeled. Whereas, conventional E-R models are composed to eradicate redundancy in the data model, to facilitate retrieval of individual records having certain critical identifiers, and therefore, optimize On-line Transaction Processing (OLTP) performance. The grain of the fact table is usually a quantitative measurement of the outcome of the business process being analyzed in a DM. The dimension tables are generally composed of attributes measured on some discrete category scale that describe, qualify, locate, or constrain the fact table quantitative measurements. Ralph Kimball views that the data warehouse should always be modeled using a DM/star schema. Kimball has affirmed that though DM/star schemas have the better performance in comparison to E-R models, their use involves no loss of information, because any E-R model can be signified as a set of DM models without loss of information. In E-R models, normalization through addition of attributive and sub-type entities destroys the clean dimensional structure of star schemas and creates snowflakes, which, in general, slows down browsing performance. But in star schemas, browsing performance is protected by restricting the formal model to associative and fundamental entities, unless certain special conditions exist. The dimensional model has a numerous important data warehouse advantages which the ER model is deficient in. The dimensional model is an expected, standard outline. The wild variability of the structure of ER models means that each data warehouse needs custom, handwritten and tuned SQL. It also means that each schema, once it is tuned, is very vulnerable to changes in the user’s querying habits, because such schemas are asymmetrical. By contrast, in a dimensional model all dimensions serve as equal entry points to the fact table. Changes in users’ querying habits don’t change the structure of the SQL or the standard ways of measuring and controlling performance (Ramon Barquin and Herb Edelstein, 1996). It can be concluded that dimensional modeling is the only feasible technique for designing end-user delivery databases. ER modeling beats end-user delivery and should not be used for this intention. ER modeling form the micro relationships among data elements thus it is not a proper business model (Ramon Barquin and Herb Edelstein, 1996). How to cite Principles of Dimensional Modeling, Papers

Business Law Cases

Questions: 1. Advise three friends what they should take into consideration when making up their minds if they should set up their business as a general partnership (unincorporated) or as a limited liability company (incorporated)? 2. A business associate, who has taken on a new role as Operations Manager of a small business, has asked you to help her to explain the difference between an employee and an independent contractor to her Managing Director? 3. Your colleague has missed classes and asks you to help him catch up on the European Union (EU) elements of the module. Write a short report for him, explaining the significance of both monist and dualist legal systems and the difference between EU Regulations and Directives? Answers: Introduction to assignment:- This assignment contains three questions regarding business law cases. First question is about unincorporated partnership and incorporated LLP. Second question is about the distinction between the contractor and an employee. Third question is about European Union elements of the module. Other part of the question asks about significance of both monist and dualist legal systems and the difference between EU regulations and Directives. 1. Three friends are making their mind to set up their business as a general partnership or as a Limited Liability Company. We are required to guide them what important points need due consideration while starting a business as general partnership or as a limited liability company. Provisions of partnership are covered by different partnership acts. General partnership is covered by partnership Act 1890. General partnership is one of the business forms. In general partnership, more than two people start up a business with the aim of earning profits. Partners in general partnership are jointly and severally liable for the liabilities of the business. The provisions of The Limited Partnership Act 1907 are applicable to the limited partnership. In limited partnership, sleeping partners may become partners but they would have limited liability compared to active partners. Limited partnership can be created by all the sleeping partners. Provisions of The Limited Liability partnership Act 2000 are applicable to Limited Liability partnership. Partners may have limited and specific liability under Limited Liability partnership and it would be considered as a separate legal person. Though, it will be considered as partnership for tax and it would not be subject to much regulations. Now, lets discuss the points to be kept in mind while setting up a business as a partnership. Below given are some common points when deciding about setting up a business as a partnership or a limited liability partnership. First of all, partners should decide what kind of partnership they want to enter into. Accordingly the partnership act will be made applicable based on the type of partnership. Name should be given to the partnership and it should be registered with the appropriate authority. 1. Before setting up a business as partnership and while drawing up a partnership agreement, share of profits and losses should be decided first. Definite percentage of profits and losses should be decided so that disputes may not arise at a later point. 2. Capital contribution of every partner should be definite. Capital contribution is an important feature of a business as without capital contribution business cannot be started. 3. Authority and responsibility of every partner should be clarified to smoothen the functioning of business. Separation of authorities and responsibilities will make the running of business proper. 4. Opening of a bank account and management of a bank account should be made properly. 5. The ownership of assets of partners should be defined. Which partner will own which asset and to what extent should be clarified. 6. Terms and conditions related to withdrawal and interest on loan as well as interest on withdrawal should be defined. The agreement should be made taking into account the provisions of partnership acts. 7. Management of accounts of the partnership should be given to the specific partner to remove the difficulties of a business. 8. Terms regarding entrance and removal o a partner should be clarified properly. 9. The circumstances when the partnership will come to an end should be included in the partnership agreement. 10. After removal or resignation of a partner the condition that would apply to him regarding competing with their rivals should be clarified. Above given are few of the common points that should be considered while drawing up a partnership agreement. Another part of question one is about Limited Liability Company. We are required to state the point to be considered while setting up a business as Limited Liability Company. first, lets understand whats Limited Liability Company. Its one of the business structures where the liabilities of the shareholders are limited. The liabilities of the companies are not directly the legal liabilities of the shareholders. To start up a business with limited liability, one should decide the company name, register it with the registrar and an official UK address which will be the registered office of your company where the documentation will be kept and all the communications will be made. All the other businesses and activities of the company will be included in the MOA. MOA of the company generally contains following points:- 1. Company name should be specified in the MOA. It should not contain any sensitive names. However, it should only contain limited word at the end. 2. Location of the registered office should be specified in the MOA. Office of registered office should be in UK. 3. Objects of the company should be defined in the MOA. What business your company would carry, main as well incidental objects should be included in MOA. 4. The liabilities of the members should be limited. This means shareholders liability would be limited up the value of the shares they hold. 5. Amount of share capital should be specified. Authorised as well as all other type of capitals like subscribed, called up, paid up should be defined. 2. A business associate has taken on a new role an operations manager of a small business. She needs to explain her managing director the distinction between a contractor and an employee. Employees are the persons working under an employer who can be part time as well as full time employees. Employees are bound by the instructions given by the employers. When people decide to hire people to work under them, there emerge two possibilities; they may hire either employees or independent contractors. Like, if want to construct a special set for an award function and you employ some carpenter to create specific type of banquet according to your specification then that carpenter be called the independent contractor. Difference between employees and independent contractors:- Employee:- Hiring an employee leads to payment of payroll taxes on that employee. Apart from payroll taxes another obligation may be to make unemployment and workers compensation to the appropriate government agency. Another important feature of employees is that you can train them the way you want and make them work for certain hours at specific place. Employees work only for the employer they are hired by. They are paid on a regular basis. Employees work for certain number of hours. Employees can be fired or can be made to quit the job. Moreover, employees receive employment benefits like health and disability insurance. Employees work under the control of the employer and according to the direction of the employer. They complete the task given in the manner decided of requested by the employer. They dont need to invest any amount in the work they do for their employer or make any specific expenditure to finish up the task. Employees have general education and a specific background to work fo r specific position and they get proper training from the employer to work in a specific manner and to complete the job in a better way. They get salary from the employer at regular interval of time after deduction of their taxes and security taxes and medical taxes under federal Insurance Contributions Act. Employees get unemployment compensation from the employer after termination or lay off. They also receive workers compensation benefits for any workplace injury. Employment of an employee can be fired for specific reason and with serving of a specific notice. There are specific rules and regulations for minimum wages and overtime hours under which the employees are governed. Employees are even covered under laws related to safety at workplace and anti-discrimination. They can even create or join a union. Independent contractors:- Contractors are already trained persons who work for themselves and not for anyone else which means they work on independent basis and not under the employment of any person. They already have learned their job skills anywhere else. They are free to do their work according to the mutual consent of both the parties. The product will be delivered according to the specifications of the person hiring the contractor but the way of performing and completing the task will be decided by the contractor himself. They cant be forced to work in a certain way or for certain specific hour or at a specific location. Unlike employees, contractors may have other clients. Contractors are not paid on regular basis like employees but they are paid on project basis. Working hours can be decided by the contractors. They may work according to their convenience. Contractors cant be fired usually like employees. Both the parties are bound by the contract made. Employer or contractor may have to pay certain c ompensation if any of them breaches the contract terms or cancel the contract. Contractors provide services to more than one company. They dont receive employment benefits like employees receive. They work independently according to their own wish. They accomplish their work according to their choice and they can do so without the input of employer. They have to incur the costs as well as investments to accomplish the task given. They come with specific job skills of their own. They dont need to be trained by the employer for completing the task. They pay their tax dues on their own. Employers are not obliged to pay the taxes on behalf of them like employees. They are not even subject to FICA taxes. Contractors are not even given the benefits of unemployment compensation. Employers can fire contractors anywhere at any time unless the contract specifies the terms related to the same. Contractors are paid according to the terms and conditions of the contract and they are not eligible to specific other compensations like employee receive. Contractors are not even covered under the laws of safety at workplace or anti-discrimination. Contractors are not entitled to form or join a union. This way employee and contractors differ from each other. 3. European Union:- European Union is an association of 28 states which are its members and which are specifically situated in Europe. The European Union works with the help of certain institutions and intergovernmental decisions by the member states. Its partnership between 28 members states that together cover most of the European continent. EU was created after Second World War. The first motive of the EU was to expand economic co-operation between the countries who trade with one another and is become economically interdependent. This was decided to remove the conflicts. European Economic Community was resulted from this in the year 1958. Initially, it was the union of 6 countries. After that, a wide market has been created and its continuing to develop to its potential. In the year 1993, the name changed to EU from EEC. EU works on a rule of law. Whatever EU does is based on treaties, voluntarily and independently agreed by all the countries. EUs goals are decided by the binding agreements set out. Mobility, stability, growth and single currency are the goals of EU. EU has till date help people raising their standard of living, delivered peace among countries, gave prosperity and launched a single currency named EURO. EU countries boarder control abolition has played major role in success of EU. People now-a-days can travel freely across all the continents of EU. The single market has enabled the different things like currency, people, services and goods to move freely across the nation. Another main goal of EU is to create huge resources si that people can get maximum benefit from it. European parliament is the main runner of EU. Wide powers are given European parliament. European parliament, national parliaments and European institutions play grea ter role in proper running of the EU. European citizens are also taking part in political success of Europe. Significance of Monist and Dualist legal systems:- Monist and Dualist are the international laws. Question here is how the international laws can be applied to domestic legal systems. Monist legal system says that, both the national laws and international laws form a unity. Therefore, in Monist concept international laws need not to be converted into laws of national countries. The international treaties ratification instantly converts international laws into national one. Therefore, the judicial decisions of ICC can be applied to national court cases. However, Monist system has different approaches in itself. Some of constitutions permit immediate application of international laws while in other constitutions direct application takes place only for self executing treaties. In Dualist system, international law cant be directly applied to the national law. It should first be translated into national law and then application of the same to domestic law is possible. Therefore, in Dualist system only ratification of international law is not enough and implementation of national legislation is necessary. Difference between EU regulation and directives:- EU regulations are binding on all over the EU continents. Like, when EU decided to save the names of agricultural products from specific areas then the council did the needful and adopted a regulation. It is addressed to all the members of state and they were fully applied. They can be applied without the need of national legislation. Directives mean goals decided by the EU which are required to be achieved by the member countries must achieve. However, the process of achieving that goal can be decided by the countries on their own. This happened with the working time directives, according to which overtime work was illegal. It was given that minimum rest period and maximum working hours were decided which all the countries were required to follow. However, how to implement that was every countrys own matter of thinking. References:- ANON, N.D., Unincorporated Association, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Partnerships, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Partnerships, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., The Partnership Act 1890, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Limited Liability, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Limited Liability Companies, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Difference Between Employees and Contractors, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Difference Between Employees and Contractors, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., Significance of Dualist and Monist, Accessed on 7th August 2015, ANON, N.D., European Union, Accessed on 7th August 2015,